OAA computing section circular NK 1042 99P/Kowal 1

The following improved orbital elements, by S. Nakano, are from 40 observations 1977 to 1995. Perturbations by Mercury to Neptune and three minor planets, Ceres, Pallas and Vesta, were taken into account. The mean residual is +/- 0.78 arc second. See an orbit in NK 704 which was computed from same observations using different perturbed bodies. Epoch = 1992 Feb. 28.0 TT T = 1992 Mar. 13.90492 +/- 0.00260 (m.e.) TT Peri. = 174.78644 +/- 0.00052 Node = 28.77290 +/- 0.00045 (2000.0) Inc. = 4.39196 +/- 0.00006 q = 4.6722673 +/- 0.0000036 AU e = 0.2324738 +/- 0.0000005 a = 6.0874372 +/- 0.0000010 AU n' = 0.06562243 +/- 0.00000002 P = 15.019 +/- 0.0000038 years T = 1977 Jan. 1.69901 TT Epoch = 1977 Jan. 17.0 TT Peri. = 172.44695 e = 0.2351699 Node = 29.11453 (2000.0) a = 6.0920636 AU Inc. = 4.39571 n'= 0.06554770 q = 4.6593934 AU P = 15.036 years The predicted orbit for the 2007 return is as follows: T = 2007 Jan. 15.71805 TT Epoch = 2007 Jan. 20.0 TT Peri. = 172.82639 e = 0.2271961 Node = 28.39936 (2000.0) a = 6.1054356 AU Inc. = 4.34512 n'= 0.06533247 q = 4.7183044 AU P = 15.086 years The following residuals in seconds of arc are from the above orbital elements: Date Code Residual(") Date Code Residual(") Date Code Residual(") 1977/ 910222 691 0.7+ 0.4+ 920307 691 0.1- 0.8- 770424 675 0.2- 1.6+ 910320 372 0.2- 0.0 920423 809 1.5+ 0.7+ 770425 675 0.2+ 0.9+ 910320 372 0.1- 1.2+ 920423 809 1.6+ 1.4+ 770426 675 0.1- 1.2+ 910403 372 0.4- 0.7- 920423 809 (3.4+ 0.4+) 770517 675 0.2- 1.4+ 910403 372 0.2+ 0.2+ 920425 809 0.3- 0.7- 770519 675 0.0 1.3+ 1992/ 920425 809 0.7- 0.5- 770613 675 0.4+ 0.3+ 920226 372 0.6+ 0.5- 920425 809 0.2- 0.9- 770617 801 2.2+ 2.1- 920227 372 0.2- 1.2- 920425 691 0.3+ 0.1+ 1991/ 920305 691 1.1- 0.7- 920425 691 0.1+ 0.0 910220 413 (3.5+ 0.2-) 920305 691 1.2- 0.6- 920425 691 0.4+ 0.4+ 910221 691 0.1+ 0.6- 920305 691 0.9- 0.5- 1995/ 910221 691 0.1- 0.3- 920305 691 1.0- 0.8- 950621 691 0.7+ 0.3+ 910221 691 0.1- 0.3- 920305 691 1.2- 0.6- 950621 691 0.3- 0.3+ 910222 691 0.1+ 0.7+ 920305 691 1.6- 0.6- 950621 691 0.6- 0.4- 910222 691 0.4+ 0.7+ 920307 691 0.8+ 0.8- 950621 691 0.2+ 0.0 910222 691 0.2+ 0.6+ 920307 691 (3.6+ 0.7-) ( ) -------- Rejected Obs.

Director, Computing Section Syuichi Nakano 2004 Apr. 4

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