OAA computing section circular NK 784 104P/Kowal 2

The following improved orbital elements, by S. Nakano, are from 454 observations 1991-1998, including planetary perturbations by Mercury to Neptune and three minor planets, Ceres, Pallas, Vesta, and non-gravitational effect of style II. The mean residual is +/- 0.84 arc second. Epoch = 1998 Mar. 8.0 TT T = 1998 Mar. 2.15301 +/- 0.00106 (m.e.) TT Peri. = 191.89264 +/- 0.00091 Node = 246.14723 +/- 0.00009 (2000.0) Inc. = 15.48912 +/- 0.00001 q = 1.3966200 +/- 0.0000035 AU e = 0.5851905 +/- 0.0000100 a = 3.3668945 +/- 0.0000243 AU n' = 0.15953641 +/- 0.00000173 P = 6.178 +/- 0.0000670 years A1 = +5.052 +/- 0.235 A2 = -0.45942 +/- 0.09260 T = 1991 Nov. 4.44670 TT Epoch = 1991 Oct. 31.0 TT Peri. = 189.57059 e = 0.5642046 Node = 247.78351 (2000.0) a = 3.4416625 AU Inc. = 15.82964 n'= 0.15436600 q = 1.4998607 AU P = 6.385 years The predicted orbit for the 2004 return is as follows: T = 2004 May 9.19744 TT Epoch = 2004 Apr. 25.0 TT Peri. = 192.00989 e = 0.5853046 Node = 246.08537 (2000.0) a = 3.3662304 AU Inc. = 15.48935 n'= 0.15958362 q = 1.3959602 AU P = 6.176 years The following residuals in seconds of arc are from the above orbital elements: Date Code Residual(") Date Code Residual(") Date Code Residual(") 1991/ 970805 118 1.3- 0.9- 971017 118 1.4+ 1.2+ 911212 875 1.4- 0.3- 970806 118 1.3- 1.1- 971017 118 1.0+ 1.0+ 911213 875 0.1+ 0.1+ 970806 118 1.4- 1.3- 971017 118 1.2+ 1.0+ 911213 875 (2.6- 2.4-) 970808 118 1.4- 1.9- 971017 046 1.1+ 1.3+ 911213 875 1.1- 0.2+ 970808 118 1.6- 2.1- 971017 046 1.4+ 1.1+ 911215 411 (1.0- 2.4+) 970808 118 0.5- 0.8- 971017 046 1.2+ 1.5+ 911215 411 0.6+ 1.2- 970808 118 0.9- 0.8- 971018 108 (0.1- 3.1+) 911215 411 (3.5- 1.2+) 970808 118 0.6- 0.6- 971018 108 0.0 2.2+ 911215 411 1.2- 0.7- 970809 897 0.4- 0.8- 971018 108 0.5+ 0.3- 911215 411 1.2+ 0.3+ 970809 897 2.0- 1.4- 971018 118 1.5+ 0.8+ 911216 381 1.4+ 0.9+ 970809 046 0.9- 0.8- 971018 118 1.6+ 0.9+ 911216 896 (3.2- 1.7-) 970810 046 0.9- 0.8- 971018 108 1.9+ 1.6+ 911216 896 (2.8- 1.1+) 970810 046 1.1- 0.9- 971018 605 1.1+ 1.5+ 911216 411 1.0- 0.5- 970810 118 1.2- 0.9- 971018 605 1.8+ 1.1+ 911216 896 (2.6+ 8.2-) 970810 118 1.1- 0.8- 971019 118 1.1+ 0.7+ 911216 411 (3.6- 3.4+) 970810 118 1.6- 0.8- 971019 118 1.4+ 0.8+ 911216 897 1.6+ 0.2+ 970810 118 1.5- 0.9- 971022 360 1.0+ 0.9+ 911216 411 (2.3- 0.4+) 970810 557 0.8- 0.8- 971022 360 0.8+ 0.9+ 911216 411 1.1- 0.2- 970810 557 1.1- 0.7- 971022 118 1.7+ 0.7+ 911216 411 1.2- 1.8+ 970810 557 0.9- 0.7- 971022 118 1.2+ 1.3+ 911216 897 0.1+ 1.8+ 970811 402 0.8- 0.8- 971023 867 0.9+ 0.9+ 911217 372 (2.6- 1.1+) 970811 402 1.3- 1.0- 971023 867 0.8+ 0.8+ 911217 372 1.6- 1.4+ 970811 402 0.9- 0.9- 971023 867 1.1+ 0.8+ 911217 372 1.2- 1.6+ 970814 118 0.8- 0.3- 971026 897 (2.3+ 0.3+) 911217 372 (3.7- 0.5+) 970815 118 1.1- 0.8- 971026 897 2.1+ 0.9+ 911218 411 1.5- 1.0+ 970815 118 0.7- 0.8- 971026 897 1.8+ 0.8+ 911218 411 0.7+ 1.2+ 970817 402 1.0- 0.4- 971027 605 2.2+ 0.9+ 911218 411 (1.0- 2.7+) 970817 402 0.9- 0.6- 971027 605 (2.3+ 0.2+) 911218 411 0.5+ 1.8+ 970819 118 0.1- 0.4- 971027 605 1.7+ 0.1+ 911218 411 (2.9- 2.5+) 970819 118 0.5+ 0.6- 971028 352 2.0+ 0.7+ 911218 411 (2.6- 2.1+) 970821 118 1.3- 1.0- 971028 352 1.8+ 0.7+ 911219 411 (0.5- 4.7+) 970821 118 1.2- 1.0- 971028 352 (2.7+ 0.7+) 911219 411 0.7- 1.2+ 970822 118 0.6- 0.2- 971029 402 1.6+ 1.0+ 911219 411 (2.6- 0.0 ) 970822 118 0.6- 0.3- 971029 402 1.7+ 0.9+ 911219 411 0.0 0.1+ 970822 118 0.5- 0.2- 971029 402 1.6+ 1.0+ 911219 411 0.3+ 0.3+ 970823 108 0.5- 0.1+ 971030 504 2.0+ 0.9+ 911221 413 1.0+ 0.5- 970823 108 0.1- 0.4+ 971030 504 1.6+ 1.0+ 911221 413 1.2+ 0.7- 970823 108 0.3- 0.4+ 971030 504 1.5+ 1.2+ 911229 372 0.3- 0.3- 970824 402 0.7- 0.9- 971030 504 1.2+ 0.6+ 911229 372 0.9- 1.7- 970824 402 0.5- 0.3- 971030 504 1.4+ 0.8+ 911230 411 0.2- 0.5+ 970824 402 0.5- 0.3- 971030 504 1.4+ 1.1+ 911230 411 0.3- 2.1+ 970824 118 0.7- 0.7- 971030 504 1.3+ 0.9+ 911230 411 1.6- 0.5+ 970824 118 1.0- 0.5- 971030 504 1.5+ 1.0+ 911230 411 0.7- 0.4- 970824 118 0.9- 0.6- 971030 504 1.3+ 1.2+ 911230 411 (1.4- 2.6+) 970825 118 1.6- 0.8- 971031 605 (2.4+ 0.4+) 911230 411 0.3+ 0.4+ 970825 118 1.6- 0.6- 971031 605 (2.9+ 0.4+) 911230 372 0.9- 2.1- 970826 360 0.7- 0.0 971031 605 1.6+ 0.8+ 1992/ 970826 360 0.9- 0.1+ 971103 402 1.4+ 0.4+ 920101 801 0.9+ 1.5- 970827 118 1.5- 0.5- 971103 402 1.3+ 0.4+ 920101 801 1.5- 0.5- 970827 118 1.7- 0.8- 971104 900 1.0+ 0.6+ 920102 411 0.7- 0.6+ 970827 118 1.6- 0.5- 971104 900 1.5+ 1.1+ 920102 411 0.3+ 1.1+ 970827 118 1.9- 0.6- 971104 046 1.1+ 0.6+ 920102 411 0.1+ 0.3+ 970828 352 1.2- 0.9- 971104 046 1.1+ 0.4+ 920102 411 1.3- 0.1- 970828 352 1.6- 0.8- 971104 046 1.5+ 0.6+ 920102 411 0.6- 1.4+ 970828 352 1.9- 0.5- 971105 360 1.2+ 0.3+ 920102 411 0.3+ 0.0 970828 360 0.5- 0.1+ 971105 360 1.3+ 0.5+ 920102 897 0.5+ 0.4+ 970828 360 0.6- 0.1+ 971105 402 1.2+ 0.4+ 920102 897 1.1+ 2.0- 970828 867 1.0- 0.3- 971105 402 1.6+ 0.5+ 920103 372 1.4- 0.3- 970828 867 1.3- 0.6- 971105 402 1.1+ 0.4+ 920103 372 1.5- 1.3+ 970831 118 1.7- 1.1- 971106 897 0.9+ 0.6+ 920104 373 0.9+ 0.7- 970831 118 1.6- 1.2- 971106 897 2.0+ 0.9+ 920104 373 0.6+ 0.7- 970831 605 1.3- 1.3- 971109 352 (2.3+ 1.9+) 920104 411 0.7+ 0.2- 970831 605 1.5- 1.2- 971109 352 1.9+ 0.0 920104 411 0.9- 0.5- 970901 605 1.4- 1.4- 971109 352 2.2+ 1.1+ 920104 411 0.3- 0.5+ 970901 605 1.8- 0.9- 971112 658 0.8+ 0.3+ 920104 411 (2.5- 0.8-) 970901 118 0.7- 0.5- 971112 658 0.9+ 0.2+ 920104 411 0.6- 0.5- 970901 118 0.9- 0.3- 971112 658 0.6+ 0.2+ 920104 411 1.8- 0.9- 970902 897 1.3- 0.4- 971118 897 (2.2+ 2.9+) 920104 411 0.7- 1.5- 970902 897 1.1- 0.7- 971118 897 (1.9+ 2.7+) 920106 801 1.3- 1.0- 970903 118 0.6- 0.2- 971118 347 2.2+ 1.1+ 920106 801 0.1+ 0.9- 970903 118 0.7- 0.3- 971118 347 2.0+ 2.0+ 920107 657 0.3+ 1.7- 970903 118 0.8- 0.5- 971119 900 (2.4+ 1.8+) 920107 657 1.0+ 1.2- 970903 118 0.7- 0.4- 971119 900 (2.8+ 1.5+) 920107 657 1.0+ 1.3- 970904 118 0.9- 0.6- 971120 360 1.5+ 1.3+ 920110 411 1.2- 0.8+ 970904 118 1.0- 0.5- 971120 360 1.4+ 1.4+ 920110 411 1.9- 1.6+ 970905 118 0.3- 0.7- 971120 402 1.5+ 1.2+ 920110 411 0.2- 0.2+ 970905 118 0.2- 0.6- 971120 402 1.9+ 1.3+ 920205 801 0.2+ 0.1- 970905 118 0.3- 0.6- 971120 402 1.9+ 1.3+ 920205 801 0.1+ 0.0 970906 605 1.1- 0.5- 971120 118 (2.4+ 1.4+) 920207 801 0.5+ 0.4- 970906 605 0.0 1.0+ 971120 118 (3.1+ 1.9+) 920207 801 0.4+ 0.6- 970906 605 1.1- 0.7- 971124 403 0.7+ 1.4+ 920207 658 0.3- 1.7- 970907 118 0.4- 0.5- 971124 403 0.9+ 2.1+ 920207 658 0.6- 0.6- 970907 118 0.2- 0.4- 971124 403 (2.7+ 2.0+) 920210 897 0.2+ 0.1+ 970909 360 0.2- 0.1- 971130 347 1.5+ 0.3+ 920222 411 1.7+ 0.5- 970909 360 0.2- 0.2- 971130 347 2.1+ 1.3+ 920222 411 1.9+ 0.3- 970910 658 0.9- 0.3- 971202 897 1.4+ 1.6+ 920222 411 1.0+ 0.0 970910 658 0.6- 0.2- 971202 897 1.7+ 1.8+ 920222 411 1.3+ 0.6- 970910 046 0.1+ 0.3- 971202 897 1.3+ 1.5+ 920301 801 2.1+ 1.4+ 970910 046 0.4- 0.2- 971204 360 1.4+ 1.7+ 920301 801 1.9+ 2.0+ 970910 046 0.3- 0.6- 971204 360 1.4+ 1.7+ 920306 411 0.0 2.1+ 970910 605 2.0- 1.0- 971216 605 (0.8+ 3.0+) 920312 658 0.1+ 0.1+ 970910 605 1.7- 1.4- 971216 605 (2.8+ 4.5+) 920312 658 0.3+ 0.2+ 970910 605 1.0- 1.5- 971216 605 (0.4+ 4.7+) 920312 658 0.1+ 0.2+ 970910 605 1.7- 0.8- 971220 426 2.0+ 1.9+ 920313 658 0.5+ 0.2+ 970910 118 0.4- 0.4- 971220 426 2.1+ 1.6+ 920313 658 0.7+ 0.1+ 970910 118 0.2- 0.2- 971220 426 0.7+ 1.5+ 920313 658 0.7+ 0.3+ 970910 118 0.7- 0.6- 971221 347 2.1+ 1.6+ 920322 897 0.9+ 1.7- 970912 046 0.0 0.1- 971221 347 1.4+ 1.7+ 920322 411 1.6+ 0.8- 970912 046 0.3+ 0.2- 971221 347 (1.9+ 2.6+) 920322 411 1.8+ 0.2+ 970912 046 0.2+ 0.3- 971221 897 0.8+ 1.3+ 920322 897 (2.3+ 1.0-) 970915 118 0.2- 0.8- 971221 897 1.4+ 1.6+ 920322 411 1.8+ 0.1+ 970915 118 0.3- 0.9- 971221 897 1.3+ 2.2+ 920401 801 2.2+ 0.3- 970916 118 0.0 0.1- 971224 360 1.0+ 0.4+ 920401 801 1.6+ 0.4- 970916 118 0.2- 0.5- 971224 360 1.2+ 0.4+ 920430 801 1.4+ 0.7- 970916 118 0.2- 0.5- 971231 897 0.7+ 1.4+ 920430 801 1.8+ 2.0- 970917 118 0.2- 0.7- 971231 897 1.4+ 2.0+ 1997/ 970917 118 0.5- 0.8- 971231 046 0.5+ 0.7+ 970514 696 0.1- 0.8+ 970918 118 1.0- 0.4- 971231 046 0.1+ 0.7+ 970514 696 0.7- 1.2+ 970918 118 0.9- 0.6- 971231 046 0.2+ 0.8+ 970514 696 1.3- 0.8+ 970919 118 1.0- 0.6- 1998/ 970515 696 0.5- 1.5- 970919 118 1.0- 0.7- 980108 118 1.5+ 0.4+ 970515 696 0.7- 1.8- 970919 897 1.2- 0.6- 980108 118 2.1+ 0.8+ 970515 696 0.9- 1.6- 970919 897 0.3- 0.4- 980109 143 (2.2- 3.3-) 970531 402 0.7- 0.1+ 970919 897 0.3- 0.4- 980109 143 1.1+ 0.2- 970531 402 0.8- 0.0 970919 108 0.1+ 0.9+ 980109 143 1.8- 0.9+ 970531 402 2.2- 1.6+ 970919 108 1.7+ 0.6+ 980109 143 (2.8- 4.3-) 970607 402 0.3- 1.0+ 970920 118 0.5+ 0.5- 980109 143 1.2- 1.2- 970607 402 0.8- 0.7+ 970920 118 0.6+ 0.6- 980111 046 0.3+ 0.0 970607 402 0.4- 0.9+ 970920 118 0.4+ 0.4- 980111 046 0.4+ 0.6+ 970612 402 0.2- 0.4+ 970920 605 0.6- 0.4- 980111 046 0.1+ 0.6+ 970612 402 1.0- 0.2+ 970920 605 0.6+ 0.1+ 980119 355 1.0+ 0.8+ 970612 402 1.3- 0.9+ 970920 605 0.3+ 0.8- 980119 355 1.4+ 0.9+ 970629 402 0.4- 1.0+ 970921 118 0.1+ 0.4- 980120 402 0.1+ 0.3+ 970629 402 1.0- 0.2+ 970921 118 0.4+ 0.5- 980120 402 0.2- 0.1+ 970629 402 0.6- 0.2- 970921 118 0.2+ 0.6- 980120 402 0.3- 0.1+ 970629 360 1.1- 0.3+ 970922 046 0.3+ 0.5- 980120 897 0.9+ 0.6+ 970629 360 0.5- 0.6+ 970922 046 0.3+ 0.5- 980120 897 0.1+ 0.5+ 970703 402 0.3- 1.1+ 970922 046 0.4+ 0.5- 980125 347 0.2- 2.1+ 970703 402 0.9- 0.4+ 970925 605 0.1- 0.9- 980125 347 0.0 1.5+ 970703 402 0.5- 0.6+ 970925 605 0.5+ 0.9- 980126 897 1.1+ 0.1+ 970704 867 1.7- 0.5- 970925 605 0.4- 1.1- 980126 897 (2.9+ 0.9+) 970704 867 (2.3- 0.8-) 970926 118 0.1- 0.4+ 980126 897 0.4+ 0.6+ 970705 360 0.5- 0.6+ 970926 118 0.1+ 0.2+ 980126 118 1.4+ 0.8- 970705 360 0.7- 0.7+ 970927 118 0.1- 0.1+ 980126 118 0.6+ 0.2- 970711 696 0.0 1.1+ 970927 118 0.0 0.1- 980129 360 0.1+ 0.4+ 970711 696 0.1- 0.7+ 970928 900 0.1+ 0.4- 980129 360 0.1- 0.5+ 970711 696 0.3- 1.0+ 970928 900 0.3+ 0.3+ 980131 355 1.0- 0.3+ 970711 696 0.0 1.2+ 970928 352 0.6+ 0.6- 980131 355 0.8- 0.1+ 970714 696 0.0 0.5+ 970928 352 1.2+ 0.2+ 980204 118 1.0- 0.1- 970714 696 0.1+ 0.6+ 970928 352 0.7+ 0.1+ 980204 118 1.1- 0.0 970714 696 0.2- 0.6+ 970928 402 0.1+ 0.1- 980205 046 0.7- 0.3- 970714 696 0.2- 0.6+ 970928 402 0.3+ 0.2- 980205 046 0.4- 0.1- 970714 696 0.1- 0.5+ 970928 402 0.3+ 0.2- 980205 046 0.1- 0.2- 970718 402 0.9- 0.1- 970929 360 0.1+ 0.4+ 980218 605 (2.9+ 1.4+) 970718 402 1.1- 0.4- 970929 360 0.1- 0.1+ 980218 605 0.2- 0.3+ 970718 402 1.4- 0.3+ 970929 118 0.0 0.2- 980218 605 1.9+ 1.3+ 970723 118 1.0- 0.3- 970929 118 0.2- 0.1- 980220 118 0.5- 0.4- 970723 118 0.4- 0.0 971001 867 0.4+ 0.3- 980220 118 0.3- 0.4- 970726 118 1.2- 0.2- 971001 867 0.0 0.1- 980222 118 0.1- 0.8- 970727 118 1.0- 0.4- 971001 867 0.2+ 0.5- 980227 118 0.4- 0.1+ 970728 118 1.1- 0.6- 971003 108 1.6+ 0.7- 980227 118 0.5+ 0.5- 970728 118 1.4- 0.6- 971003 108 1.5+ 1.5- 980302 897 (2.5+ 0.7+) 970728 691 0.4- 1.0- 971003 108 0.3+ 0.7- 980302 897 0.7+ 0.8- 970728 691 0.6- 0.9- 971004 046 0.7+ 0.2+ 980302 897 0.0 0.5+ 970801 360 0.8- 0.9- 971004 046 0.2+ 0.2+ 980302 360 0.9- 0.6- 970801 360 0.7- 0.8- 971004 046 0.6+ 0.2+ 980302 897 (2.5+ 1.1+) 970802 118 1.4- 1.2- 971005 469 0.1- 0.9- 980302 360 1.5- 0.8- 970802 118 1.3- 1.2- 971005 469 0.7+ 0.4+ 980309 046 0.2- 0.9- 970802 402 0.8- 0.7- 971005 616 (2.8- 0.7-) 980309 046 0.8- 1.1- 970802 402 0.7- 1.0- 971005 616 1.3- 0.4- 980309 046 0.5- 2.0- 970804 118 1.4- 1.0- 971005 616 0.9- 1.0- 980311 118 0.5- 0.4- 970804 118 1.1- 1.0- 971006 118 0.9+ 0.4+ 980311 118 0.1+ 0.7- 970804 118 0.8- 1.4- 971006 118 1.0+ 0.2+ 980318 360 1.1- 1.6- 970804 118 0.4- 0.8- 971013 118 0.7+ 0.8+ 980318 360 1.3- 1.7- 970804 118 0.8- 0.9- 971013 118 0.9+ 0.1+ 980322 118 0.6+ 1.2- 970804 118 0.6- 1.3- 971013 118 0.6+ 0.6+ 980322 118 0.2+ 1.7- 970805 118 1.2- 1.2- 971016 118 1.0+ 1.8+ 970805 118 1.1- 1.2- 971016 118 1.4+ 1.9+ ( ) -------- Rejected Obs.

Director, Computing Section Syuichi Nakano 2001 Apr. 28

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