OAA computing section circular NK 1040 88P/Howell
The following improved orbital elements, by S. Nakano, are from 291 observations 1987 to 2004, including planetary perturbations by Mercury to Neptune and three minor planets, Ceres, Pallas, Vesta, and non-gravitational effect of style II. The mean residual is +/- 0.89 arc second. See orbits in NK 626 and NK 783. Epoch = 2004 Apr. 25.0 TT T = 2004 Apr. 12.55956 +/- 0.00022 (m.e.) TT Peri. = 235.83969 +/- 0.00021 Node = 56.82519 +/- 0.00020 (2000.0) Inc. = 4.38287 +/- 0.00002 q = 1.3675140 +/- 0.0000004 AU e = 0.5611528 +/- 0.0000002 a = 3.1161508 +/- 0.0000005 AU n' = 0.17917457 +/- 0.00000004 P = 5.501 +/- 0.0000012 years A1 = +0.449 +/- 0.007 A2 = -0.05513 +/- 0.00020 T = 1987 Apr. 14.54563 TT Epoch = 1987 Mar. 26.0 TT Peri. = 214.81433 e = 0.5081128 Node = 75.94000 (2000.0) a = 3.2773675 AU Inc. = 5.56854 n'= 0.16611787 q = 1.6120951 AU P = 5.933 years T = 1993 Feb. 26.09271 TT Epoch = 1993 Feb. 22.0 TT Peri. = 234.77431 e = 0.5520641 Node = 57.72386 (2000.0) a = 3.1457798 AU Inc. = 4.39941 n'= 0.17664917 q = 1.4091079 AU P = 5.579 years T = 1998 Sept.27.18720 TT Epoch = 1998 Sept.24.0 TT Peri. = 234.91190 e = 0.5526717 Node = 57.66525 (2000.0) a = 3.1433917 AU Inc. = 4.39846 n'= 0.17685051 q = 1.4061280 AU P = 5.573 years The predicted orbit for the 2009 return is as follows: T = 2009 Oct. 12.47176 TT Epoch = 2009 Oct. 16.0 TT Peri. = 235.95511 e = 0.5620002 Node = 56.76252 (2000.0) a = 3.1129771 AU Inc. = 4.38218 n'= 0.17944865 q = 1.3634832 AU P = 5.492 years The following residuals in seconds of arc are from the above orbital elements: Date Code Residual(") Date Code Residual(") Date Code Residual(") 1987/ 940104 360 0.8+ 0.2- 980528 699 (3.9+ 1.4-) 870306 474(10.8+ 3.2+) 940107 691 1.4+ 1.6- 980528 699 1.9+ 1.0- 870306 474 (8.5+ 5.1+) 940107 691 0.7+ 1.2- 980528 118 1.1+ 0.5- 870307 474(10.3+ 2.0+) 940107 691 1.9+ 0.1+ 980528 118 0.9+ 0.3- 870307 474(10.8+ 4.1+) 940202 360 1.6+ 0.3- 980601 046 1.4+ 0.3- 870623 688 (1.5+ 3.0+) 940202 360 1.6+ 0.2+ 980601 046 1.1+ 0.5- 870623 688 (1.5+ 3.1+) 940211 691 1.2+ 0.7- 980601 046 0.9+ 0.2- 870722 688 (3.0+ 2.1+) 940211 691 0.6+ 0.5- 980617 360 0.2+ 0.1- 870727 801 0.3- 0.9+ 940211 691 0.6+ 0.4- 980617 360 0.1+ 0.0 870728 657 2.5+ 2.0- 1997/ 980624 691 0.3+ 0.0 870802 657 1.4+ 0.6- 971231 691 0.4- 0.3+ 980624 691 0.1+ 0.3+ 870803 657 0.2- 0.3- 971231 691 0.1- 0.2+ 980624 691 0.2- 0.4+ 870807 657 1.3+ 0.1- 971231 691 0.4- 0.3+ 980629 897 1.5+ 0.2+ 870817 323 0.6- 1.8- 1998/ 980629 897 0.5+ 0.5- 870819 657 1.7- 0.1+ 980128 910 0.8- 0.1+ 980629 897 0.4+ 0.5+ 870821 657 (1.6+ 3.2+) 980128 910 1.3- 0.1- 980720 046 0.5+ 0.7+ 870822 056 1.7- 1.7+ 980128 910 0.6+ 0.3- 980720 046 0.3+ 0.4+ 870822 056 0.8- 1.9+ 980129 910 0.0 0.4- 980720 046 0.1+ 0.7+ 870824 801 0.3- 0.7+ 980129 910 (2.8- 0.2+) 980727 691 0.5+ 0.5+ 870824 056 1.5- 1.4- 980129 910 0.9+ 0.1- 980727 691 0.4+ 0.7+ 870825 056 1.2- 1.1+ 980129 910 0.6+ 0.6- 980805 426 1.0+ 0.5- 870826 897 (3.3- 0.4+) 980129 910 0.9- 0.2- 980805 426 1.3+ 0.2- 870826 897 (4.7- 0.0 ) 980129 910 0.2- 0.2- 980805 426 1.1+ 0.3- 870826 323 0.3+ 0.9- 980129 910 1.5- 0.6+ 980808 I02 0.3+ 0.3+ 870831 056 0.2+ 0.0 980129 910 0.4+ 0.1+ 980908 897 0.1+ 0.7+ 870831 056 1.5+ 2.0+ 980129 360 1.2- 0.3+ 980908 897 0.3- 0.2- 870831 657 0.6- 1.2+ 980129 360 0.9- 0.3+ 980912 897 0.8- 0.0 870901 691 1.3- 0.4+ 980129 360 1.1- 0.0 980912 897 0.9- 0.0 870901 691 1.2- 0.3+ 980131 691 0.5- 0.3+ 980916 360 0.2- 0.2+ 870901 691 1.1- 0.1+ 980131 691 1.2- 0.1+ 980916 360 0.0 0.0 870901 657 (3.2- 4.1-) 980202 360 0.6- 0.7+ 980920 897 0.5+ 0.4+ 870902 056 0.0 1.2- 980202 360 0.5- 0.2+ 980920 897 0.4- 0.2- 870902 056 2.4+ 1.5- 980202 360 0.8- 0.5+ 981004 897 (2.4- 0.4+) 870902 323 0.5- 0.8- 980223 691 1.0- 0.3- 981004 897 0.0 0.5+ 870904 657 0.2+ 2.0- 980223 691 1.0- 0.2- 981004 351 (2.4- 1.5-) 870921 056 0.6+ 0.1- 980223 691 1.2- 0.0 981004 351 0.0 0.7+ 870923 399 0.5+ 0.6+ 980302 360 0.9- 0.1+ 981009 351 1.7- 1.7- 870923 399 0.5+ 0.0 980302 360 0.5- 0.2+ 981009 351 0.1- 0.9- 870924 095 (8.2- 0.9+) 980321 118 2.0- 0.2- 981009 351 (2.2- 1.1+) 870928 491 (0.8- 5.8-) 980321 118 1.8- 0.2- 981103 351 0.8- 1.0+ 871019 657 (0.0 5.3-) 980325 704 1.1- 0.2+ 981103 351 0.1+ 0.0 871019 801 0.2+ 1.1- 980325 704 1.2- 1.6+ 981110 351 0.6- 0.4+ 871025 399 0.3+ 1.5- 980325 704 1.2- 0.3+ 981110 351 (0.8- 2.1-) 871025 399 0.8+ 2.6- 980325 704 1.5- 0.2- 981112 900 1.0+ 0.8+ 871027 323 (1.5+ 3.0-) 980325 704 1.8- 0.7- 981112 900 0.7+ 0.8+ 871117 801 0.8+ 1.3- 980327 046 0.9- 0.2- 981112 351 1.3+ 1.2- 1988/ 980327 046 0.6- 0.5- 981112 351 0.5+ 0.4+ 880109 675 0.6+ 0.9- 980327 046 0.7- 0.1+ 981115 360 0.1- 0.7+ 880109 675 1.1+ 0.8- 980330 426 0.7- 0.2- 981115 360 0.2- 0.7+ 880109 675 0.7+ 0.7- 980330 426 0.5- 0.1- 981123 897 1.6+ 0.3- 880109 675 0.4+ 0.7- 980330 426 0.7- 0.1- 981123 897 0.7+ 0.9- 880113 675 1.8+ 0.7- 980330 360 0.6- 0.0 981123 360 0.7- 0.2- 880113 675 2.5+ 0.3- 980330 360 0.3- 0.0 981123 897 0.2+ 0.7- 1992/ 980331 402 0.5- 0.0 981123 360 0.8- 0.1- 920305 691 1.0- 1.6- 980331 402 1.3- 0.3+ 981126 351 (0.5+ 2.6-) 920305 691 (0.2- 2.2-) 980331 402 1.1- 0.0 981126 351 (2.2- 1.5-) 920305 691 1.0- 1.4- 980402 360 0.5- 0.3- 981128 897 0.7+ 1.9+ 920305 691 1.4- 1.0- 980402 360 0.6- 0.3- 981128 897 0.0 0.3- 920306 691 1.9+ 1.5- 980415 118 0.3+ 0.8- 981212 360 0.1+ 0.0 920306 691 (1.3+ 2.2-) 980415 118 0.3+ 0.8- 981212 360 0.3- 0.2+ 920307 691 1.9+ 0.8- 980419 360 0.0 0.3- 981220 897 0.4- 0.1- 920307 691 (0.3+ 2.9-) 980419 360 0.0 0.4- 981220 897 0.3- 0.3- 1993/ 980419 360 0.1- 0.3- 981220 897 0.2- 0.6- 930722 691 0.4+ 0.0 980420 704 1.1- 0.7- 981225 351 2.0- 0.8- 930723 691 0.2+ 0.3+ 980420 704 1.2- 0.6- 981225 351 0.0 0.8- 930723 691 0.0 0.3+ 980420 704 1.8- 0.6- 981225 351 1.3+ 1.6+ 930811 411 1.2- 1.6+ 980420 704 0.8- 0.6- 981230 897 0.3+ 0.3- 930811 411 0.5+ 1.8+ 980420 704 (3.1- 0.7-) 981230 897 0.3+ 0.6+ 930811 411 1.2+ 1.2+ 980421 704 0.3+ 1.0- 1999/ 930814 557 (2.4- 2.9-) 980421 704 0.1+ 0.2- 990105 351 0.7- 1.1- 930814 557 (2.2- 3.0-) 980421 704 1.3- 0.9- 990105 351 1.1+ 0.6+ 930814 557 0.1+ 1.5- 980421 704 1.0- 2.0- 990105 351 (2.8+ 1.8+) 930814 557 0.6- 2.0- 980421 704 (3.0- 0.7+) 990913 695 0.2- 1.0+ 930814 557 (2.9- 2.5-) 980422 704 0.6+ 1.1- 990913 695 0.0 0.8+ 930817 691 0.5+ 0.4- 980422 704 0.2+ 0.3+ 990913 695 0.0 0.8+ 930817 691 0.5+ 0.1- 980422 704 1.0- 0.4- 991009 867 0.1+ 1.3+ 930824 360 0.2+ 0.5- 980422 704 0.3+ 0.2- 991009 867 1.0- 0.8+ 930824 360 0.3- 0.8- 980422 704 1.1- 0.4- 991009 867 0.1+ 1.5+ 930827 360 0.4+ 0.5- 980425 108 (6.0- 3.3+) 991018 867 (0.2+ 2.1+) 930827 360 0.4+ 0.4- 980425 108 0.1+ 0.5+ 991018 867 0.8- 1.2+ 930827 411 0.7- 0.5- 980425 108 (2.8+ 0.2-) 991018 867 0.6- 0.9+ 930827 411 0.9- 0.3- 980427 900 0.9+ 0.9+ Y 991105 402 0.7- 1.7+ 930914 691 0.3- 0.2- 980427 900 0.6+ 0.1+ 991105 402 0.4- 1.0+ 930925 360 0.1+ 0.7- 980428 360 0.2+ 0.2+ 991105 402 0.4- 0.9+ 930925 360 0.1- 0.9- 980428 360 0.4+ 0.2+ 991109 704 1.1- 0.0 930926 360 0.0 0.9- 980502 118 0.3- 0.4- 991109 704 0.0 0.3+ 930926 360 0.2+ 0.9- 980502 118 0.5- 0.1- 991109 704 0.1- 0.9+ 930926 411 0.0 0.5- 980503 118 0.4- 0.4+ 991109 704 0.0 1.3+ 930926 411 0.7- 1.2- 980503 118 0.5- 0.4+ 991109 704 0.3- 0.2- 930926 411 1.0- 0.7- 980504 900 0.6- 0.3- 991112 704 0.4- 0.0 931011 360 0.9+ 0.8- 980504 900 0.3- 0.3- 991112 704 0.9- 0.9+ 931011 360 1.2+ 1.0- 980511 118 0.1- 0.7+ 991112 704 1.6- 1.4+ 931012 095 (0.6- 5.6-) 980511 118 0.2+ 0.7+ 991112 704 (0.5- 2.2+) 931019 557 1.8- 2.0- 980514 897 0.6+ 1.8- 991112 704 (0.2+ 3.4+) 931019 557 (0.3- 2.3-) 980514 897 1.5+ 1.0+ 991208 704 1.1- 0.2+ 931019 557 (1.8- 2.1-) 980514 897 1.1- 0.8- 991208 704 0.5- 1.9+ 931019 557 (1.0+ 3.1-) 980516 704 (5.3+ 0.8-) 991208 704 0.9- 0.4+ 931019 360 0.2- 0.9- 980516 704 (2.2+ 0.4-) 2003/ 931019 360 0.2- 0.9- 980516 704 0.7+ 0.0 030131 291 1.2+ 1.7- 931020 691 0.7- 0.1- 980516 704 1.7+ 0.6- 030131 291 (2.2+ 1.6-) 931023 411 0.2+ 1.1- 980516 704 1.0- 0.5- 030131 291 1.7- 1.1- 931023 411 0.2+ 0.1- 980518 143 0.3- 0.7+ 030311 291 1.4+ 1.2- 931023 411 1.0- 0.8- 980518 143 1.3+ 0.4- 030311 291 1.6+ 1.5- 931114 360 1.3+ 0.7- 980518 143 1.7+ 0.1+ 030311 291 1.7+ 1.3- 931114 360 1.9+ 0.6- 980519 360 0.2+ 0.1+ 031231 349 0.8+ 1.1- 931115 411 1.3+ 0.9- 980519 360 0.0 0.3+ 031231 349 1.1- 1.2- 931115 411 0.5+ 1.1- 980521 426 0.7+ 0.3- 2004/ 931115 411 1.1+ 1.1- 980521 426 0.5+ 0.2- 040103 349 1.0- 0.8- 931115 897 0.2+ 1.4+ 980521 426 0.5+ 0.4- 040103 349 0.5- 0.9- 931115 897 1.2+ 1.7- 980522 402 0.5+ 0.4+ 040218 349 0.1+ 1.9- 931118 360 0.9+ 0.3- 980522 402 0.5+ 0.2+ 040218 349 0.4+ 2.0- 931118 360 1.1+ 0.7- 980522 402 0.6+ 0.1+ 040227 349 (0.3- 2.5-) 931212 360 1.9+ 0.2- 980527 682 1.8+ 0.4- 040227 349 (0.0 2.2-) 931212 360 1.6+ 0.2- 980527 682 1.9+ 0.9- 040227 349 0.3- 2.0- 1994/ 980527 682 1.9+ 0.4- 040227 D70 0.1- 0.5+ 940104 360 0.7+ 0.6- 980528 699 (4.7+ 0.8-) 040227 D70 0.8+ 1.3- ( ) -------- Rejected Obs.
Director, Computing Section Syuichi Nakano 2004 Mar. 21